N96. C14 “2 COMPOSITAE © * NEWSLETTER Number 47 15 April 2009 Scientific Editor: BERTIL NORDENSTAM Technical Editor: GUNNEL WIRENIUS NOHLIN Published and distributed by The Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Phanerogamic Botany, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden ISSN 0284-8422 = AA RN- ore \ ro ay SF aN CONTENTS { ee OW 4 eAtys Lo Ortiz, S.: Oldenburgieae, a new tribe of the African Mutisibae Se Le a i 100 > | S 06°38’06” E 106°33’29.9” ) S$ 06°37°917” E 106°27°599" | Leuwi Bolang Kampung Muara 415-419 masl | 4.8-5.8 | 100% | Leuwi Jamang 617—750 masl | 6.0-6.6 100% Sampling plots were established by selecting four large paddy fields in each village within the contaminated areas. Inventory of wild Compositae on the paddy 10 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 fields was then conducted. Microclimate conditions and other weed species in the areas were also recorded. b. Laboratory observation The dominant weed species found from the field observation (1.e. Mikania cordata) was cultivated in the greenhouse of Bogor Botanic Garden. There were 36 tubes of cuttings maintained for further observation. Hg solution was dropped in the media supporting the cuttings, in which 12 tubes received 0 ppm Hg/tube, 12 tubes received 10 ppm Hg/tube and the remaining 12 tubes received 20 ppm Hg/ tube. The growth of the resulting plant and its capacity of accumulating Hg were observed. Result and Discussion The result of the field observation showed that Mikania cordata was the most dominant species among the Compositae. The plant is relatively large and apparently invasive on the paddy fields found in the three villages observed, with frequency of occurrences ranging from 75-100% and the average dominancy from 10-15% (Table 2). Table 2. Species of Compositae existing in the field Village (plot) Saecies Frequency | Dominancy (%) (%) Leuwi Bolang Eclipta alba 25 2 | Bidens pilosa 50 ps5) [ = Emilia sonchifolia 25 0.5 Spilanthes acmella 25 0.5 Ageratum conyzoides 75 10 Erechtites hieracifolia 25 5 | Mikania cordata 75 15 Kampung Muara _ | Eclipta alba 25 0.5 Bidens pilosa 50 0.5 Emilia sonchifolia 25 0.5 | Spilanthes acmella 50 0.5 : A 4geratum conyzoides 50 10 r= a Erechtites Bie) 50 0.5 : Elephantopus scaber 25 0.5 Pinas. a Mikania cordata — 100 10 | LeuwiJamang | Ageratum conyzoides __ 75 10 E é _ Erechtites hieracifolia 25 0.5 =a ] be iephantopis scaber 50 ES Mikania cordata 100 15 __| Wedelia biflora R/S 10 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 1] Note: frequency = number of plots where a species occurs/ total plots dominancy = average of covering area of a species Mikania cordata (Buro.f.) B.L. RoBINSON is a native species of Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands. It grows well in the tropics especially on a damp soil and usually emerges as a weed along rivers and streams, of forest borders and clearings, open disturbed areas, roadsides, or tree plantations. It is a rapidly-growing, creeping or twining perennial vine up to 10 m long. The plant is considered as a serious weed for it twines around young tree crops, smothering them and forming dense, tangled masses. In addition, it can propagate easily by wind-borne achenes or, most importantly, by vegetative parts of the plant. Roots can develop from stem nodes, and even from small stem fragments with a single node. Stem fragments may be dispersed by cultivation or other means. M. cordata also produces a substance that inhibits growth of other plants (ANoN. 2008). Beside Compositae species there were some other wild plants such as Nasturtium montanum, Centella asiatica, Commelina nudiiflora, Monochoria hastata and Limnocharis flava that were found in the study areas. These plants may also be capable of conducting a role as accumulators, but this research focused primarily on the Compositae family as it is the most dominant family in the study area and in most paddy fields of the villages. The diversity of Compositae species was higher in Kampung Muara than in two other villages observed. This suggest that Kampung Muara may provide good material for future research on accumulator Compositae (Table 2). Being the most dominant species, Mikania cordata was selected to be planted in the greenhouse for further observation. The laboratory observations demonstrated that the species was effective in accumulating mercury solution as indicated by relatively high ratio of Hg leaves/roots. After a month following the treatment, ratio of Hg found in leaves and roots was 0.9 for 10 ppm Hg solution treatment and 0.42 for 20 ppm Hg solution treatment. It has been generally suggested that a plant is said to be a potential hyperaccumulator if it is capable of accumulating metal in the leaves and roots in the ratio of approximately one, because metal translocation system from roots to leaves of hyperaccumulator plants is supposed to be more efficient than in other type of plants (Hipayari et al. 2004). Another interesting result was that the visual appearances of the plants were different morphologically with the addition of Hg solution. Most leaves of the plants treated with Hg were curly and semi-dried with many white spots, conditions hardly found in the control plants (0 ppm Hg treatment). It is clear therefore that Hg soluble in the plant tissue can affect the development of the plant, but to what extent it may be fatal to the plant requires further detailed observation. Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 Conclusion There are various Compositae species found in sites contaminated with mercury from private gold mining in Nanggung, Bogor, West Java. Among the existing species, Mikania cordata was the most dominant species and has been shown to have a potential role as a Hg accumulator plant. Nevertheless, further research is needed to extend the observations among other weedy Compositae species to investigate their potency as hyperaccumulator plants. References Anon. _ http:/www.lucidcentral.org/keys/ /FNW/.../html/fact sheets/Mikania cordata.htm. update 1/27/2008. Hipayati, N. 2004. Phytoremediation and Potency of Hyperaccumulator Plants. Biology Research Center, LIPI. Bogor. (Also in Hayat, J. Biosciences 252005). Hipayati, N., Syarir, F., JUHAETI, T. & Suwanto 2004. Daya Adaptasi dan Potensi Penyerapan Logam Pada Centrosema pubescens, Calopogonium mucunoides, dan Mikania cordata yang ditanam di Limbah Penambangan Emas. Bidang Botani, Puslit Biologi-LIPI. Bogor. Peer, W. A., BAXTER, I. R., RICHARDS, E. L., FREEMAN, J. L. & A. S Murpuy 2007. Phytoremediation and Hyperaccumulator Plants. Jopics in Current Genetics 14: 299-340. Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 13 A new species of Gynoxys (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) from Peru HAMILTON BELTRAN' & SEVERO BALDEON Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Av. Arenales 1256 Apartado 14-0434, Lima, Peru ‘wilmersantiago@hotmail.com Abstract Gynoxys tabaconasensis H. BELTRAN & S. BALDEON (Asteraceae: Senecioneae), a new species from Peru with fulvous indument and large leaves is described, illustrated and compared to morphologically similar species. Resumen Gynoxys tabaconasensis H. BELTRAN & S. BALDEON (Asteraceae: Senecioneae), una especie nueva del Peru con indumento pardo amarillento y hojas grandes es descrita, ilustrada y comparada con otras especies morfologicamente similares. Introduction Gynoxys Cass. 1s a Neotropical genus of approximately 60 species (BREMER 1994) or perhaps as many as 120 species (NoRDENSTAM 2007), with limits still unclear. Thus species were segregated to Paracalia (CUATREC.) CUATREC. (CORREA 2003) and Nordenstamia LUNDIN (LUNDIN 2006, NORDENSTAM 2006). Most Gynoxys species are Andean. HERRERA (1980) provides a general account of the genus in Peru, with a key and descriptions. Later new species were recorded by SAGASTEGUI & DILLON 1985, SAGASTEGUI & TELLEZ 1987, DILLON & SAGASTEGUI 1988, FUNK & ROBINSON 1989, RoBINSON & CUATRECASAS 1992. DILLON & HENSOLD (1993) recognized 51 species of Gynoxys in Peru and 45 of these considered as endemic to Peru were evaluated and categorized according to the IUCN criteria (BELTRAN et al. 2006). Here, based on recently collected material in Northern Peru we recognize a new species. 14 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 Gynoxys tabaconasensis H. BELTRAN & S. BALDEON, sp. nov. (Fig.1). Type: PERU, Departament Cajamarca. Province San Ignacio. District Tabaconas. Lagunas Arrebiatadas, Santuario Nacional Tabaconas-Namballe. Bosque de Ladera, pendiente de 70°, dominado por Weinmannia y Clusia, 3150-3180 m, 9 April 2003, SEVERO BALDEON & Luis ADRIANZEN 5160 (Holotype: USM; Isotypes: MO, S). Arbor 5 m alta, indumento pilis fulvis usque ad 1.3 cm longis obsita. Folia membranacea ad basim valde cordata. Capitulum phyllariis glabris. Gynoxiae tomentosissimae similis, quae tamen pilis minoribus et densioribus, capitulis phyllariis dense pubescentibus. Tree 5 m tall, cylindric branches densely pubescent, hairs pale yellowish nearly 1.3 cm long on young shoots. Leaves simple, opposite, petioles 24 cm long, pubescent, slightly flattened, slightly amplexicaul at the base; lamina membranaceous, bicolorous, broadly elliptic to subcordate, 13—23 cm long, 7-16 cm wide, base cordate to auriculate, apex acute, margins entire to slightly denticulate with teeth spaced, I1—-1.5 mm long, green, puberulent adaxially, hairs copious, yellowish fulvous, conspicuous on primary and secondary veins, abaxially with pubescence slightly more developed and densely covering the veins; venation pinnate, with 15—16 pairs of secondary veins some bifurcating towards the margin. Capitula terminal, broadly corymbose with branches densely corymbose up to 19 cm long; peduncles 6—8 mm long, bracteolate, bracts triangular 10 mm long, attenuate at the apex, pubescence similar to the abaxial indument of leaves. Capitula radiate, 10-11 mm long, 3-4 mm wide; involucre cylindric, calyculate bracts small, narrowly triangular, 2 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, pilose at the apex; phyllaries 5, glabrous, subequal, membranaceous, external linear-lanceolate, 7 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, internal oblong, 7 mm long, 2.1 mm wide, margins scariose. Ray florets 2; corolla yellow, glabrous, tube 5—6 mm long, limb 5 mm long, 2.1 mm long at its broadest width, 5-nerved, apex 3-dentate; achenes oblong, 2 mm long, glabrous, pappus bristles scabrid, yellowish, biseriate, 5 mm long. Disc florets 3 or 4, yellow, glabrous, ca. 11 mm long, tube 3—3.5 mm long, limb campanulate, ca. 5.5 mm long, 0.8 mm wide, markedly 5-lobed for half its length, lobes linear-lanceolate, ca. 4 mm long, revolute, acute at apex; anthers 3.1 mm long, theca 2 mm long, 0.1 mm wide, sagittate at base, 0.1 mm long, connective appendix 0.3 mm long, anther collar 0.8 mm long, cylindric; stylar branches linear, dorsally papillose, with triangular apices ending in a cluster of papillae, longer at the centre. Achenes (immature) oblong, 2 mm long, glabrous. Pappus bristles biseriate, scabrid, yellowish, 5 mm long. Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 15 Taxonomic discussion Gynoxys tabaconasensis is characterized by its indument of fulvous hairs, more than 1 cm long, large membranaceous leaves with cordate base, and glabrous phyllaries; a combination of characters not found in any known Peruvian Gynoxys (HERRERA 1980, DILLON & SAGAsTEGUI 1988). At first hand, this taxon could be confused with G. tomentosissima Cuarrec. from northern Peru, however this species has shorter and more dense hairs, leaves ovate and less than 8 cm long, capitula with more florets, and phyllaries densely tomentose adaxially. The new species also resembles Paragynoxys meridana (CUATREC.) CUATREC., mainly by the arborescent habit, by the incision of the corolla limb to half its length, the few florets (5), and the short and briefly sagittate thecae, however the latter can be distinguished by discoid capitula with white florets and by the presence of callosities or warts on the main nerve. Distribution and ecology Gynoxys tabaconasensis is only known from the reduced populations in the type locality, where it grows in a cloud forest of stunted trees with abundant epiphytes. It flowers in June. Etymology The specific epithet alludes to the name of the sole locality, a site within theTabaconas-Namballe National Sanctuary in northern Peru. Conservation status According to IUCN criteria (2001), this new species should be considered in the category of endangered (EN), since the known populations are found within a protected area. This area is established to conserve endangered species such as Tremarctos ornatus “spectacled bear’, Tapyrus pinchaque “highlands tapir or ante”, in addition to populations of tree species considered at risk such as “romerillos”, viz., Podocarpus oleifolius D. Don ex LAms. and species of Prumnopitys and Retrophyllum. Acknowledgements We wish to thank B. Leon for review and translation to English, A. GRANDA for reviewing the manuscript in an early draft, and G. Pino for the Latin diagnosis. 16 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 fig f / j Fig 1. Gynoxys tabaconasensis H. BELTRAN & S. BALDEON. A Flowering branch. B Capitulum. C Phyllary (ventral view). D Phyllary (dorsal view). E Ray floret. F Disc floret. G Stamen. H Style branch of disc floret. — Drawn from BALDEON & ADRIANZEN 5160 (USM). Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 7 References BELTRAN, H., GRANDA, A., LEON, B., SAGASTEGUI, A., SANCHEZ, I. & M. ZAPATA 2006. Asteraceas endémicas del Peru. Jn: LEON, B., Roque, J., ULLoA, C., PITMAN, N., JORGENSEN, P. M. & A. CANo (eds.), E£/ Libro Rojo de las Plantas Endeémicas del Peru. Rev. Peruy. Biol. N 13(2): 64-164. Bremer, K. 1994. Asteraceae. Cladistics and Classification. Timber Press. Portland, Oregon. Correa, A. 2003. Revision of the genus Paragynoxys (Asteraceae, Senecioneae- Tussilagininae). Brittonia 55(2): 157-168. Ditton, M. O. & N. HENsoLpD 1993. Asteraceae. /n: Brako, L. & J. ZARUCCHI (eds.), Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45: 103-189. Ditton, M. O. & A. SAGASTEGUI 1988. Additions to South American Senecioneae (Asteraceae). Brittonia 40(2): 221-228. Funk, V. A. & H. Rosinson 1989. A new species of Gynoxys (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) from northern Peru. Revista Acad. Colomb. Ci. Exact. Naturales 17 (65): 243-245. HERRERA ALARCON DE LoJa, B. 1980. Revision de las especies peruanas del género Gynoxys (Compositae). Bol. Soc. Peruana Bot. 8(1—2): 3-74. Lunpin, R. 2006. Nordenstamia LUNDIN (Compositae-Senecioneae), a new genus from the Andes of South America. Comp. News!. 44: 14-18. NorDENSTAM, B. 2006. New combinations in Nordenstamia (Compositae- Senecioneae) from Argentina, Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador. Comp. News. 44: 19-23. NORDENSTAM, B. 2007. Tribe Senecioneae. /n: KADEREIT, J. W. & C. JEFFREY (eds.), Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Vol. 8, Asterales (ed. K. KuBITZK1). Springer Press. Rosinson, H. & J. Cuatrecasas 1992. Additions to Aequatorium and Gynoxys (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) in Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru. Novon 2(4): 41-416. SacAstecut, A. & M. O. Ditton 1985. Four new species of Asteraceae from Peru. Brittonia 37(1): 6-13. SaGAsteGul, A. & C. TELLEZ-ALVARADO 1987. A new species of Gynoxys (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) from northern Peru. Brittonia 39(4): 432-435. 18 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 IUCN 2001. Categorias y Criterios de la Lista Roja de la IUCN: Version 3.1. Comision de Supervivencia de Especies de la IUCN. IUCN, Gland, Suiza y Cambridge, Reino Unido. 11 + 33 pp. Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 19 Senecio lusitanicus (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), a new combination for a species from Iberian Peninsula RAFAEL PEREZ-ROMERO, CARMEN PEREZ-MORALES, Rosa M. VALENCIA BARRERA & ANGEL PENAS MERINO Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestion Ambiental (Area de Botanica) Facultad de Ciencias Biolégicas y Ambientales, Universidad de Leén Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 Leon, Spain rperr@unileon.es Abstract Anew combination Senecio lusitanicus (Court.) R. PEREZ-ROMERO Is proposed for a taxon previously treated as a subspecies of S. doronicum (L.) L. or S. lagascanus DC. It is endemic to the west of the Iberian Peninsula. Introduction A study of morphological and palynological characters of Senecio sect. Crociseris (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) from Iberian Peninsula (PEREZ ROMERO 2007, unpubl.), reveals that the following new combination is necessary: Senecio lusitanicus (Covut.) R. PEREZ-ROMERO, comb. et stat. nov. Basionym: Senecio doronicum (L.) L. subsp. lusitanicus Cout., Fl. Port.: 641 (1913). Synonym: Senecio lagascanus DC. subsp. lusitanicus (Cout.) P. Sitva, Fl. Voy. Portugal Link (Hist. Desensolv. Ciénc. Portugal, 2): 955 (1987). PEREIRA CouTINHo (1913) described a new subspecies: S. doronicum subsp. lusitanicus Cour. It is characterized by subentire leaves, small capitula, supplementary bracts which are smaller than involucral bracts, and lower part of stems arachnoid-lanate (AMARAL FRANCO 1984). In contrast, CHATER & WALTERS (1976) recognized that S. doronicum subsp. /usitanicus was probably referable to S. lagascanus and PrNTo DA SiLva (1987) regarded this taxon as a subspecies of S. lagascanus. Detailed morphological study (PEREZ Romero 2007, unpubl.) shows that S. lusitanicus is morphologically different from other species (Table 1). A limited number of pollen morphology studies have previously been undertaken for the genus Senecio (Stix 1960, Tormo et al. 1985, Dietz 1987, BLANCA et al. 1988, 1991, OrleNo & TAbEssE 1992, HopALovA & MArtonrFi 1995, PEREZ ROMERO Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 et al. 2003). As a result of our study (PEREZ ROMERO 2007, unpubl.), we conclude that pollen of S. /usitanicus is clearly distinct in size and ornamentation from the related species of Senecio (Table 1; Figs. 1B, C). We consider the differences between the taxa studied important enough to elevate the taxonomic status (Table 1). Table 1. Comparison between Senecio lusitanicus and related species. Characters Plant height Leaf base Indumentum Trichomes Length of involucral bracts Length of ligulate flowers Length of pappus Pollen size: polar axis (in equatorial view) Pollen size: equatorial axis (in equatorial view) Ornamentation of pollen grains (SEM) S. doronicum 30-60 (27-73) cm gradually narrowed into the petiole sparsely hairy, more abundant lower part of stems and petioles 10 or more short or elongated cylindrical cells and a long (< 300 um), curled apical cell 10-13 mm 22-37 mm 6-9 mm 37-40,5 (33,5-45,5) um (Fig. 1C) 35,540 (30-44,5) um (Fig. 1C) Perforate-fossulate- reticulate S. lagascanus S. lusitanicus 24-60 (18-68) cm gradually narrowed into the petiole sparsely hairy, more abundant lower part of stems and petioles 8—10 short or elongated cylindrical cells and a long (> 300 um), curled apical cell 6,5—10,5 (12) mm 15—25 mm 5,5—8 mm 30,5-34 (27,5-36) um Perforate- fossulate- reticulate 14-23 (50) cm truncate to attenuate arachnoid-lanate, more abundant lower part of stems and petioles 8—10 short or elongated cylindrical cells and a long (> 500 um), curled apical cell (Fig. 1A) 8—10 mm 13—19,5 mm 5—6,5 mm 31-35 (28-38) um (Fig. 1B) 30-32 (27-35) um (Fig. 1B) Fossulate, little perforate Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 200 pm Fig 1. A. Uniseriate trichome of S. /usitanicus. B. Pollen grain of S. /usitanicus (equatorial view, LM). C. Pollen grain of S. doronicum (equatorial view, LM). S. lusitanicus is endemic to the west of the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal; Fig. 2), on the other hand S. doronicum is distributed in the north of Spain and S. /Jagascanus in the middle north and east of Spain. 22 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 ~~ ; / J -% i / >| ( “ALS \ ‘ ) 3 {ee > *< iY 4 ‘) ie | | ms ) y bw | \y NE iy ro y a A= | | Tt pr | ia re Fig. 2. Map of Iberian Peninsula: geographic distribution of S. /usitanicus (+). References AMARAL FRANCO, J. DO 1984. Nova Flora de Portugal, vol. Il. Sociedade Astoria, Lisboa. BLANCA, G., Gurrapo, J. & A. T. ROMERO Garcid 1988. Palinologia de plantas endémicas del sureste de la Peninsula Ibérica. /n: Civis LLovera, J. & M. F. VALLE HERNANDEZ (eds.), Actas de Palinologia: 23—28. Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca. BLANCA, G., SALINAS, M. J., Diaz DE LA GuarpbIA, C. & A. T. ROMERO GARCiA 1991. Estudios palinologicos en la subfamilia Asteroideae (Compositae) en el Sureste de la Peninsula Ibérica. Acta Bot. Malac. 16(2): 491—S08. Cuater, A. O. & S. M. Watters 1976. Senecio L. In: Turin, T. G., HEYwoop, V. H., Burces, N. A., Moore, D. M., VALENTINE, D. H., WALTERS, S. M. & D. A. Wess (eds.), Flora Europaea, vol. 4, pp. 191-205. Cambridge at the University Press, Cambridge. Diez, M. J. 1987. Asteraceae (Compositae). Jn: VaLpEs, B., Diez, M. J. & I. FERNANDEZ (eds.), Atlas polinico de Andalucia Occidental, pp. 332-357. Instituto de Desarrollo Regional, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla. HopA.ova, I. & P. MArtonrt 1995. Pollen morphology in the Senecio nemorensis group (Compositae) from the Carpathians. Comp. News!. 26: 61—70. Orteno, D. F. & M. Tapesse 1992. Pollen morphological studies in Senecio (Compositae-Senecioneae) from Ethiopia. Comp. News/. 20/21: 22-28. Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 23 PEREIRA CouTinuo, A. X. P. 1913. Flora de Portugal (plantas vasculares) disposta em chaves dicotomicas. Bertrand, Paris. PEREZ Romero, R. 2007. Andlisis morfologico, palinolégico y taxonémico de Senecio sec. Crociseris en la Peninsula Ibérica. Unpubl. PhD dissertation. Universidad de Leon, Leon. PEREZ ROMERO, R., VALENCIA BARRERA, R. M., PEREZ MORALES, C. & A. PENAS Merino 2003. Morfologia polinica de Senecio pyrenaicus L. (Asteraceae) en la Peninsula Ibérica. Polen 13: 163-174. Pinto DA Siiva, A. R. 1987. A Flora no Voyage en Portugal de Link. In: Historia e Desenvolvimento da Ciéncia em Portugal, vol. 2. Academia das Ciencias, Lisboa. Stix, E. 1960. Pollenmorphologische Untersuchungen an Compositen. Grana Palynol. 1: 41-114. Tormo, R., Usera, J. L. & E. Domincuez 1985. Contribucion al estudio palinologico del género Senecio L. An. Asoc. Palinol. Leng. Esp. 2: 169-176. 24 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 A new tribe Platycarpheae and a new genus Platycarphella in the Cichorioideae (Compositae or Asteraceae) V. A. FUNK & HAROLD ROBINSON U.S. National Herbarium, Department of Botany, MRC 166 National Museum of Natural History Box 37012, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC., 20013-7012, USA Abstract A new tribe Platycarpheae with three species is described in the Cichorioideae and two of the species are placed in a new genus Platycarphella. Introduction The Platycarpheae of Namibia and South Africa is validated as a distinct tribe and is found to contain two genera, Platycarpha Less. and a new genus Platycarphella V.A. Funk & H. Ros. The tribe has a total of three species. These two genera form a monophyletic group that is unique in that its members are acaulescent perennial herbs with complicated secondary head structures, leaves that are elongate and prostrate, and stolons that emanate from the crown at the base of the secondary head. This unusual morphology combined with the results of the molecular analysis support the recognition of Platycarpheae as a monophyletic group within the subfamily Cichorioideae. According to phylogenies based on molecular data, Platycarpheae is on a long branch and it is associated with the base of the Vernonieae-Liabeae clade but this placement is not strongly supported. Platycarpheae is hypothesized to be an old radiation because of the many molecular and morphological differences between this lineage and other members of the subfamily. Each of the three species of the new tribe Platycarpheae is easily identifiable. Within the tribe, the monotypic Platvcarpha and the new genus Platycarphella with two species, form a sister group. The two genera are morphologically very distinct in styles, pollen, habit, and leaves. Photographs of all three species are available in FuNK et al. (in press). Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 i) nN Taxonomy Platycarpheae V. A. Funk & H. Ros., tribus nov. TYPE: Platycarpha glomerata (THUNB.) Less. Plantae perennes herbaceae acaulescentes rosettiformes in rhizomatis proliferatae, non laticiferae. Folia pinnate venosa, integra vel pinnate lobata, subtus albo- tomentosa margine interdum spinosa. Capitula sessilia in capitulis secundariis condensata, bracteis involucri 7-40 in seriebus 3—5S inaequalibus. Flores 3—60 in capitulo bisexuales; corollae purpureae vel roseatae, lobis elongatis, cellulis loborum elongatis laevibus; thecae antherarum base calcaratae non fimbriate vel breviter fimbriate caudatae, in cellulis endothecialibus elongatis apice uninoduliferae, appendices apicales oblongo-ovatae; basi stylorum angusti non noduliferi, scapi stylorum distaliter dense spiculiferi, partibus scapi spiculiferis rami multo brevioribus vel multo longioribus; rami stylorum elongati vel breviores et oblongi vel lineari-lanceolati, in superficiis interioribus omnino stigmatiferi. Achenia 3 aut 5 angulata cylindrica et laevia vel turbinata et inferne rugosa non phytomelaninifera; squamae pappi persistentes albae apice acuminatae non contiguae vel lateraliter imbricatae. Grana pollinis ca. 25 um in diametro excaveata simpliciter tricolporata et echinata vel prenanthiformia. Perennial herbs, prostrate, acaulescent, rhizomatous, forming mats and dense colonies or the individuals can be separate from one another; no milky sap. Leaves prostrate, radiating from a central crown, in 2—6 rings with oldest leaves in the lowermost ring and larger; blades oblanceolate, lanceolate, elliptic, or linear, varying in length (1-35 = 0.5—11.0 cm), margins entire, dentate, or pinnatisect, adaxially green and mostly glabrous, with or without spines; abaxially with dense, white tomentum. /nflorescence sessile, |—-many headed, grouped in a secondary head on the crown, secondary receptacle 210 cm in diameter. Heads subglobose to cylindrical, discoid, 3-25 mm in diameter. /nvolucral bracts (phyllaries) 7-40 in 3-5 series, lanceolate to linear, usually glabrous (some collections of P. carlinoides with tufts of tomentum at apices), outer bracts 6-20 = 1-5 mm, inner bracts becoming smaller and more slender with innermost bracts resembling paleae; margins entire, apices acuminate. F/orets 3-60, bisexual; corollas purple, mauve, lilac, or pink, occasionally white, varying in size from 8 to 23 mm long, lobes 3.0—-3.5 mm long with glands on abaxial surface of apex of each lobe; tubes sparsely hispid at distal end; anthers purple, 4-13 mm, bases of thecae spurred, without or with short fimbriate tails; apical appendages oblong-ovate: styles lavender, 9-29 mm long, in Platycarpha the branches longer, terete, hairy nearly to tip, in Platycarphella the branches shorter, slightly tapered with hairs scarcely developed distally. Achenes 3 or 5 sided, turbinate and wrinkled proximally or long-cylindrical and smooth, glabrous or sparsely hairy basally, dark but without 26 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 phytomelanin. Pappus of 7—12 persistent white scales 2-6 mm long, apex acuminate, longer and not contiguous in Platycarpha, truncated and overlapping in Platycarphella. Traditionally the genus Platycarpha has contained three species. In the process of preparing a book chapter (FUNK et al., in press) and a monograph (FUNK & KOEKEMOER, in prep.) two of the species were found to be distinct from the type species. Therefore we here describe a new genus Platycarphella to accommodate the two species. Key to the genera of the Platycarpheae la. Inflorescence with large compact head or group of heads with (20—) 60-100 florets; corollas 20-23 mm long; style branches 3.0—3.5 mm long, much longer than pubescent upper shaft of style; pollen with bow-tie shaped rims around colpi, with bridge at middle over pore; pappus segments acuminate without overlapping RAM ITS EE ee ES COS tae A oe, MEIN Ee Platycarpha lb. Inflorescence with heads smaller, with 3—14 florets; corollas 8-13 mm long; style branches ca. | mm long, shorter than pubescent upper part of style shaft; pollen echinate tricolporate, colpi narrowly lenticular without elaborated bow-tie shaped margins or bridge over pore; pappus segments truncate and with Overlappinis Marois th. Les, Meena. eee ee eee ee ee Platycarphella The two genera are as follows. Platycarpha Less., Linnaea 6: 688. 1831. Monotypic: P. glomerata (THUNB.) LEss. South-eastern and eastern South Africa. Vegetative plants are distinct from Platycarphella by their larger size and the deeply pinnatisect leaves with spine-tipped lobes. Platycarphella V.A. Funk & H. Ros., genus nov. TYPE: Platycarpha carlinoides Ouiv. & HIERN In habitis rosettiformibus acaulescentibus et in inflorescentibus sessilibus Platycarpham similis sed in floribus 3-14 versus (20—) 60-100 in capitulo et in corollis 8-13 versus ca. 23 mm longis et in ramis stylorum ca. | versus ca. 3 mm longis et in colpis pollini non ornate marginatis distincta. Perennial, rosettiform, acaulescent plants with sessile inflorescences, proliferating by rhizomes; without latex. Leaves prostrate in rosettes, radiating from a woolly Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 vA | root crown, leaves oblanceolate, 8-60 mm long, margins entire, somewhat undulating or minutely dentate, rarely pinnatisect. Inflorescences of secondary heads; heads with 3—14 florets; corollas 8-13 mm long; style branches ca. | mm long, shorter than the papillose part of the upper shaft of the style; branches slightly tapered, papillae or hairs becoming obsolete toward tips. Pappus of truncated and overlapping white scales. Pollen grains echinate, tricolporate, without elaborated border on colpi and without bridge across pore, non-caveate. — Species 2. Platycarphella carlinoides (Ovtv. & Hiern) V.A. FUNK & H. Ros., comb. nov. Platycarpha carlinoides Outv. & Hiern, Fl. Trop. Afr. 3: 430, 1877. Namibia and South Africa. Platycarphella parvifolia (S. Moore) V.A. FuNk & H. Ros., comb. nov. Platycarpha parvifolia S.Moore, J. Bot. 41: 136, 1903. South Africa. Acknowledgements Thanks to the Smithsonian Restricted Endowment Fund for supporting field work in southern Africa and M. KozKEMOER (PRE) for help with this and other projects. We thank ALAIN TouwalpeE (US) for his assistance with the Latin descriptions. References Funk, V.A., Ropinson, H. & M. KOEKEMOER 2009. Platycarpheae. /n: FUNK, V. A., SUSANNA, A., Stugessy, T. & R. BAYER (eds.), Systematics, Evolution & Biogeography of the Compositae. 1APT, Vienna. [In press] 28 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 The South African aquatic genus Cadiscus (Compositae-Senecioneae) sunk in Senecio Bertit NORDENSTAM!, PIETER B. PELSER? & LinpDA E. WATSON? 'Department of Phanerogamic Botany Swedish Museum of Natural History Box 50007, S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden bertil.nordenstam@nrm.se ?Oklahoma State University, Botany Department 104 Life Sciences East, Stillwater Oklahoma 74078-3013, USA pieter.pelser@okstate.edu linda.watson10@okstate.edu Abstract The South African monotypic genus Cadiscus E.Mey. ex DC. (Asteraceae— Senecioneae) is an aquatic herb with some morphological features that are unusual in the tribe (white ray-florets and coarse, awn-like pappus bristles) and others that are reminiscent of species of subtribe Othonninae (ecalyculate capitula, relatively few, broad and connate involucral bracts, and sterile disc-floret styles). Unexpectedly, however, both plastid and nuclear phylogenies provided strong evidence that the genus is deeply nested in Senecio s.str. of subtribe Senecioninae. The unusual morphology is explained as adaptations to an aquatic habitat, and the genus is sunk in Senecio as Senecio cadiscus B.Norpb. & PELSER, nom. Nov. Introduction Cadiscus E.Mey. ex DC. is a monotypic genus of the tribe Senecioneae erected for Cadiscus aquaticus E.Mey. ex DC., arare and endangered aquatic herb confined to a few seasonal ponds or vernal pools in the Western Cape Province of South A frica. Dr CANDOLLE (1838) placed it among Compositae incertae sedis, and later authors (e.g., BENTHAM 1873a, 1873b, HARVEY 1865, HEMSLEY 1887) treated the genus in the Helenieae on the basis of its coarse and rigid pappus (OrNDuFF et al. 1967). In 1967, OrnbuFF et al. noticed morphological similarities between Cadiscus and Othonna and allied genera and referred the genus to the Senecioneae, which was followed by later authors (e.g., NoRDENSTAM 1968, 1977, 2007, BREMER 1994). Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 29 More specifically, ORNDuFF et al. (1967) sought its affinities among members of subtribe Othonninae with which Cadiscus shares an ecalyculate involucre composed of relatively broad phyllaries that are connate in their basal half, a chromosome number of n = 10, sterile disc floret styles, and white ray florets. These features are, however, not present in all Othonninae species. In addition, the styles of Cadiscus are quite different from those of Othonna. The Cadiscus style is distinctly branched, has a truncate tuft of sweeping-hairs, and even shows traces of a divided stigmatic surface on the inside of the branches, whereas the Othonna style is simple, apically obtuse or conical with a collar of very short sweeping- hairs or papillae, and no stigmatic surface. In addition, taxa with white rays do occur in different genera within Senecioneae (e.g., Dolichoglottis, Urostemon, Dauresia, Stenops, Senecio s. str.) and not only in South Africa. The assignment of Cadiscus to the Othonninae has therefore remained dubious or at least uncertain, and NorpensTAM (1968 p. 31f.) remarked that “the closer affinities of this little- known genus should be further investigated”. Indeed, with its elongated stems rooting in the mud, erect flowering shoots with linear or lanceolate leaves, ecalyculate capitula borne singly on simple peduncles from the upper leaf-axils, a uniseriate involucre of 8 to 10 partly connate phyllaries, coarse, basally flattened pappus bristles of ray-florets, and sterile disc-floret styles, C. aquaticus is unique in Senecioneae and has therefore been hard to place. Our ongoing molecular systematic studies in the Senecioneae recently shed new light on the phylogenetic affinities of Cadiscus, placing it nested within Senecio s.str. (sensu PELsER et al. 2007). This phylogenetic position is well supported in both nuclear and plastid trees (PELSER et al. in prep.), and we therefore advocate a transfer of the single species of Cadiscus to Senecio. Senecio cadiscus B. Norv. & PELSER, nom. nov., pro Cadiscus aquaticus E.MEyY. ex DC., Prodr. 7(1): 255 (1838), non Senecio aquaticus HILL nec S. aquaticus LotseL. nec S. aquaticus Boiss. - Lectotype (designated here): South Africa, [Western Cape], Zwartland in Dumpfel R. I., DréGe 1734, °Cadiscus aquaticus E.M.” (G-DC sheet 1). Original material collected by DréGe is present in other herbaria, viz. DREGE s.n. , “Cadiscus aquaticus E.M. a” (G-DC, K, NY, S, SAM); “Cadiscus aquaticus E.M. b” (S). — De CANDOLLE (1838) cites the locality as “ad Zwartland, in Dumpfel”, whereas DriGe (1843) has two more generalized localities, viz., “Am Dassenberg, (zwischen Paardeberg und Groenekloof), unter 500 Fuss. September” (litt. a on his herbarium labels; DreGe 1843, p. 102), and “Zwischen Groenekloof und Saldanhabaai, unter 500 Fuss. September, October” (litt. b; DreGr 1843, p. 113). The lectotype chosen here is the only specimen with locality statement agreeing exactly with the protologue. 30 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 Some of the morphological peculiarities of the species are no doubt explained by the unusual habitat. The development of narrow leaves, some of which may be floating, and white flowers, is reminiscent of other water plants such as subgenus Batrachium of Ranunculus (Ranunculaceae). The coarse and awn-like pappus bristles may be an adaptation to zoochory, perhaps dispersal by waterfowl. This may also be an explanation for the presence of myxogenic hair tufts on the cypsela base. Mucilaginous cypsela hairs, due to being soaked in water, occur in different taxa within the subtribe Senecioninae, particularly among those adapted to dry areas (e.g., Bolandia, Dauresia, Euryops spp., Jacobaea, Mesogramma, Psednotrichia,), however the concentration of such hairs to the basal part of the fruit is an unusual or even unique feature. The flowering capitula of S. cadiscus are exposed to pollinators on erect peduncles above the water surface, but its fruiting heads seem to be borne more or less at the water surface level (Fig. 1). A possible dispersal scenario is that in the fruiting stage, when the phyllaries are broken up and shed, the fruits are exposed to dispersal agents. In this stage, the mucilage on the cypsela base might make the fruits adhere to the receptacle until the coarse pappus bristles stick to a disperser, such as a waterfowl, and the diaspore is carried away. Observations on dispersal agents and mechanisms should be made in order to confirm these speculations and empirically ascertain the role of the unusual pappus and myxogenic cypsela hairs. Senecio cadiscus is locally endemic in the Western Cape Province, nowadays endangered and found only in some vernal pools or ponds between Malmesbury and Hopefield (GoLpBLatr 1978, Bond & GoLpBLatTT 1984, GOLDBLATT & MANNING 2000). In 2007, ERNsT VAN JAARSVELD found the species to be still locally common in ponds at Philadelphia turnoff from Malmesbury road (Tierhoogte) and at Mamre Road near Darling. Acknowledgements We thank Ernst vAN JAARSVELD, SANBI, for information on Senecio cadiscus habitats in the Western Cape, and JoHN MANNING, SANBI, for useful referee comments and the photograph in Fig. 1. Dr. LAURENT GAUTIER (G) kindly provided information om the original material in Herb. G-DC. References BENTHAM, G. 1873a. Compositae. Pp. 163—533 Jn: BENTHAM, G. & J. D. HOOKER (eds.), Genera plantarum 2. Lovell Reeve, London. Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 31 BenTHAM, G. 1873b. Notes on the classification, history and geographical distribution of Compositae. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 13: 335-577. Bonp, P. & P. GoLpsBLaTT 1984. Plants of the Cape Flora. J. S. Afr Bot. Suppl. Vol. 13. xi, 455 pp. Bremer, K. 1994. Asteraceae. Cladistics and classification. Timber Press, Portland. DE Canpo._e, A.P. 1838. Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis Vol. 7, Treuttel et Wiirtz, Paris. Drece, J. F. 1843. Zwei pflanzengeographische Documente. Besondere Beigabe zu Flora 2: 1-230. Govps.att, P. 1978. An analysis of the flora of southern Africa: its characteristics, relationships, and origins. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 65: 369-436. GopsBLatTT, P. & J. MANNING 2000. Cape Plants: a conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. Harvey, W.H. 1865. Compositae, Juss. Pp. 44-609. Jn: Harvey, W.H. & O.W.SonperR (eds.), Flora capensis 3. Hodges, Smith & Co., Dublin; I.C. Juta, Capetown. Hemstey, W.B. 1887. Further details of the distribution of some of the more prominent natural orders. Pp. 235-282. Jn: GopMAN, F.D. & O. SALvIN (eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana, Botany Vol. 4. R.H. Porter & Dulau & Co., London. NorbDENSTAM, B. 1968. The genus Euryops. Part I. Taxonomy. Opera Bot. 20: 1-409. NorDENSTAM, B. 1977. Senecioneae and Liabeae — systematic review. Pp. 799— 830. In: Heywoop, V.H., HARBoRNE, J.B. & B.L. TurNER (eds.), The Biology and Chemistry of the Compositae. Academic Press, London. NorbDENSTAM, B. 2007. Tribe Senecioneae. Pp. 208-241. /n: Kaperelt, J. W. & C. JEFFREY (eds.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (Kusttzxl, K., ed.), vol. VIII: Flowering Plants, Eudicots, Asterales. Springer, Berlin. Ornburr, R., Mosquin, Tu., Kynos, D.W. & P. Raven 1967. Chromosome numbers in Compositae. 6. Senecioneae, 2. Amer. J. Bot. 54: 205-213. PELseR, P.B., NoRDENSTAM, B., KADEREIT, J.W. & L.E. Watson 2007. An ITS phylogeny of tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae) and a new delimitation of Senecio L. Taxon 56: 1077-1104. 32 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 Fig. 1. Senecio cadiscus B. Noro. & PELSER in its natural habitat, South Africa, Western Cape Province, Hopefield, August 1995. Photo J. MANNING. Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 oS) >) Lomanthus, a new genus of the Compositae-Senecioneae from Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Argentina B. NorpenstaM|, P. B. PELSER? & L. E. Watson? ‘Department of Phanerogamic Botany Swedish Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 50007, S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden bertil.nordenstam@nrm.se ?Oklahoma State University, Botany Department 104 Life Sciences East, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078-3013, USA pieter.pelser@okstate.edu linda.watson10@okstate.edu Abstract Lomanthus B. Norp. & PELSER is segregated from Senecio L. as a new genus of the Compositae-Senecioneae. It is distributed in Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, from coastal lowlands to Andean upper slopes, with two species also extending into Argentina. The 17 species so far recognized are perennial herbs or subshrubs with usually lobed or incised leaves that are often densely tomentose beneath, sessile or pseudo-petiolate, and often have auriculate and sometimes decurrent bases. In corolla and style morphology Lomanthus resembles genera like Dorobaea and Zalamancalia, which also have relatively long corolla tubes, tubular and gradually widening disc floret corollas, and obtuse style tips with short and few sweeping-hairs. Molecular evidence from nuclear and plastid DNA sequences place Lomanthus in a clade with i.a. Dorobaea, Talamancalia, Charadranaetes, Pseudogynoxys, and Werneria. All of these are Central and South American genera with a distant position within subtribe Senecioninae in relation to the core genus Senecio. Introduction The tribe Senecioneae is one of the largest tribes of the Compositae with about 3,500 species in c. 160 genera and a worldwide distribution. During ongoing phylogenetic studies of nuclear and plastid DNA sequences (PELsER et al. 2007, PELsER et al. in prep.), the generic limits within the tribe have been clarified and 34 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 better defined and it has been possible to circumscribe the core genus Senecio as a monophyletic taxon (PELSER et al. 2007, NorDENSTAM et al. 2009). In this process some traditionally recognized genera had to be included in Senecio, and some groups within Senecio need to be segregated as separate genera. Among the latter is an assemblage of South American species corresponding to the ten species of Senecio sect. Senecio ser. Lomincola H. BELTRAN & GALAN DE MERA (BELTRAN & GALAN DE MerRA 1996) and seven additional species (Senecio albaniae H. BettrAN, S. bangii Russy, S. fosbergii Cuatrec., S$. mollendoensis CABRERA, S. putcalensis Hiern, S. subcandidus A.Gray, and S. velardei CABRERA). The close relationships between ser. Lomincola and some of these seven species was first suggested by BELTRAN (2002) on the basis of morphological resemblance and is supported in our ongoing molecular systematic studies of the Senecioneae which included sequences of Senecio abadianus DC., S. albaniae, S. arnaldii CABRERA, S. bangii, S. cerrateae CABRERA, S. fosbergii, S. lomincola CABRERA, S. tovari CABRERA, and. S. yauyensis CABRERA. These nine species were found to form a well supported clade with the Central and South American genera Caxamarca, Charadranaetes, Dorobaea, Garcibarrigoa, Jessea, Misbrookea, Pseudogynoxys, Talamancalia, Werneria, and Xenophyllum (PELSER et al. in prep.). This assemblage is only remotely related to Senecio s.str. and also different in morphology, as detailed below. Its distant relationship to Senecio s.str. was already noticed by NorDENSTAM & PRusKI (1995) and NorpDENSTAM (1996), who transferred two of its species (Senecio putcalensis and S. fosbergii) to Talamancalia. Our DNA sequence studies, however, indicate that this assemblage does not form a monophyletic group with Zalamancalia s.str. (PELSER et al. in prep.) and should be described as anew genus, which we name Lomanthus B. Norp. & PELSER. Description and discussion Lomanthus B. Norv. & PELSER, gen. nov. Type: Lomanthus arnaldii (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER. Herbae perennes vel suffrutices aut frutices humiles erecti ramosi. Folia alterna caulina membranacea plana sessilia vel breviter petiolata aut pseudo-petiolata integra vel lobati-pinnatisecta pinnatinervia supra subglabra subtus plerumque tomentosa, margine interdum serrata vel dentata, basi saepe auriculata. Capitula pauca vel plures cymoso-corymbosa, raro solitaria et longe pedunculata, heterogama radiata floribus flavis vel aurantiacis. Involucrum campanulatum calyculatum; involucri bracteae 13—21 uniseriatae lineari-lanceolatae attenuatae. Receptaculum nudum alveolatum. Flosculi radii feminei fertiles, tubus longe cylindricus, lamina plerumque 5-venosa. Flosculi disci numerosi hermaphroditi, corolla tubulosa e tubo longo cylindrico sensim ampliata 5-lobata. Antherae iS) Nn Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 ecaudatae. Styli rami apice obtusi vel subtruncati pilis eferrentibus brevibus, areis stigmaticis separatis. Cypselae oblongae teretes costatae breviter villosae. Pappi setae numerosae bi- vel pluriseriatae minute barbellatae albae persistentes. Perennial herbs, subshrubs or shrubs, erect, branching, often from the base, pubescent, sometimes glabrescent. Leaves cauline, alternate, membranaceous (herbaceous), flat, sessile or shortly petiolate or pseudo-petiolate, often with auriculate leaf-base and/or winged petiole, entire or lobate-pinnatisect, pinnately veined, margins often dentate or serrate, often glabrous above or nearly so and usually densely tomentose beneath. Capitula few to several in cymose- corymbose arrangement, rarely solitary on elongated peduncles, heterogamous, radiate, yellow- or orange-flowered. Peduncles sparsely bracteolate. Involucre campanulate, calyculate; calyculus bracts few—several, narrowly linear—filiform; involucral bracts uniseriate, 13—21, linear-lanceolate—narrowly oblong, attenuate. Receptacle flat, nude, alveolate. Ray florets female, fertile; tube cylindric, 4-8 mm long; lamina strap-shaped, apically 3-toothed, 5(rarely 4—7)-veined. Disc florets numerous, hermaphroditic; corolla tubular with a rather long tube (often 5 mm or more), mostly gradually widening upwards, 5-lobed, glabrous or minutely glandular-pubescent at the junction between tube and limb; lobes lanceolate to narrowly ovate, midveined and with lateral veins. Anthers ecaudate, basally obtuse; endothecial tissue mainly radial or transitional with some cells with polar thickenings, apical appendage narrowly ovate—oblong-lanceolate, obtuse; filament collar elongate balusterform with basal cells somewhat dilated. Style branches apically obtuse-subtruncate with short sweeping-hairs, stigmatic surfaces inside separated; dorsal side minutely papillate distally. Cypselas oblong, terete, with 5—8 ribs and veins, shortly villous with papilliform mucilaginous duplex hairs; ovary wall crystals small, plate-like, hexagonal-rectangular or subquadratic; carpopodium of 3—5 cell rows. Pappus bristles bi- or pluriseriate from an annular disc wider than the cypsela, very minutely barbellate with lax and short acute teeth, white, persistent. The new genus is distinct from Senecio s.str. in floral morphology, both ray and disc florets mostly having relatively long tubes, and the disc corolla is usually gradually widening upwards, not conspicuously differentiated in a distinct tube and campanulate limb as is common in Senecio and related genera. In Dorobaea and Talamancalia the tubular corolla is even more extreme and the corolla lobes are more elongated, almost lanceolate. In the three genera Dorobaea, Talamancalia and Lomanthus the corolla lobes are midveined. A special feature of Lomanthus is the 5-veined rays, whereas Senecio and most other members of the subtribe Senecionineae usually have 4-veined rays. The disc floret style is subtruncate to obtuse with rather short and few sweeping-hairs in contrast to the typical Senecio style-branch, which is truncate with a distinct brush of sweeping-hairs. 36 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 In Dorobaea and Talamancalia the style branch tips are even more obtuse and provided with a short collar of sub-apical sweeping-hairs or small sub-apical and lateral tufts. The cypselar hairs in Lomanthus are generally short and myxogenic, the anther collars are elongated balusterform and the apical anther appendage is narrow, more lanceolate or narrowly oblong than ovate. In vegetative morphology, Lomanthus is different from most South American Senecio species in having a usually densely tomentose indumentum on the lower leaf surface, sometimes with strongly septate multicellular hairs. A tomentose indumentum is, however, also found in several Peruvian Senecio species such as S. calcensis CABRERA & ZARDINI and S. mandonianus Webb. Lomanthus species have divided or at least serrate leaves. The leaf-bases are often characteristically auriculate and frequently half- clasping, sometimes decurrent on the stem. Pending a taxonomic revision we presently refer 17 species to the new genus. They are low subshrubs or perennial herbs with the majority of species in Peru, a few in southern Ecuador and also in Bolivia and Argentina. Some of the species are characteristic of the ‘lomas y cerros bajos’ of Peruvian littoral areas. The generic name is formed from the Spanish ‘loma’ = hillock, hummock. 1. Lomanthus abadianus (DC.) B. Norv. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio abadianus DC., Prodr. 6: 423 (1838). — Type: Peru, “circa Limam” (not located; missing in G-DC). Syn.: Senecio pulchrifolius CABRERA, Bol. Soc. Peruana Bot. 2: 23 (1950). — Type: Peru, Dep. Lima, Lomas de Atocongo, 200-300 m, 28.VIITI.1946, M. O. VELARDE Nunez 277 (LP holotype). This Peruvian species occurs from low altitude ‘lomas’ to Andean upper slopes (200-3400 m, Dep. Lima, Arequipa and Moquegua). De CANDOLLE (1838) also recognized a variety, viz. Senecio abadianus DC. var. araneosus DC. The type is missing in G-DC and the taxonomic status of the variety is not clear. 2. Lomanthus albaniae (H.BELTRAN) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio albaniae H. BELTRAN, Novon 12: 35 (2002). — Type: Peru, Dep. Lima, Huarochiri, San Pedro de Casta, Mashca, Camino del pueblo San Pedro de Casta hacia Marcahuasi, 11°46’S, 76°35’ W, 3680 m, 21.V.2000, H. BELTRAN 3474 (USM holotype; B, F!, HAO, HUT, MO, NY, S!, TEX, US isotypes). Lomanthus albaniae is known from mid- to high elevations (1900-3680 m) in . Peru (Dep. Lima) and Argentina (Prov. Catamarca, Mendoza, and Salta). Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 37 3. Lomanthus arnaldii (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio arnaldii Caprera, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 18(89): 203 (1955). — Type: Peru, Dep. La Libertad, Prov. Trujillo, Lomas de Vir, 500 m, 3.1X.1949, A. Lopez MirAnpA 0383 (LP holotype!, HUT isotype!). The species is readily recognized by the large and deeply pinnatisect leaves which are white-tomentose beneath. It has been recorded in Ecuador (Proy. Loja) and Peru (Dep. Arequipa, Cajamarca, La Libertad, and Lambayeque) between 1700 and 3600 m. 4. Lomanthus bangii (Russy) B. Norv. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio bangii Russy in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 3, no. 3: 64 (1893). — Type: Bolivia, Oruru, Capi, HI.1890, M. BANG 778 (NY holotype, F isotype!). Lomanthus bangii is a species growing at relatively high elevations (2900-3070 m) in Argentina (Prov. Rio Negro) and Bolivia (Dep. La Paz). 5. Lomanthus calachaquensis (CABRERA) B. Norb., comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio calachaquensis CABRERA, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 18(89): 227 (1955). — Type: Peru, Dep. Lima, Prov. Huarochiri, Calachaca, cerca a la primera cumbre entre Santiago de Anchucaya y Tuctucocha, en monte rigido a 3900 m s.m., 14.V.1953, Emma CerraATE 1886 (LP holotype!, MO isotype). A species of central Peru (Dep. Ancash and Lima; Vision & DILLON, 1996) at altitudes between 2000 and 4000 m. Although Caprera considered it related to S. cuatrecasasi CABRERA, this species seems to belong to Lomanthus. It was assigned to Senecio ser. Lomincola by BELTRAN & GALAN DE Mera (1996). 6. Lomanthus cerrateae (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio cerrateae CABRERA (“cerratei’”’), Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 18(89): 201 (1955). — Type: Peru, Dep. Lima, Prov. Huarochiri, alrededores de Anchuca, al NW. de Huarochiri, en monte bajo a 3600 m, 15.V.1953, EMMA CeRRATE 1916 (LP holotype!). A species of high altitude in Peru (Dep. Lima; Vision & Ditton 1996) with glabrous leaves, which are distinctly lobed and have dentate margins. 7. Lomanthus fosbergii (Cuatrec.) B. Norv. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio fosbergii Cuatrec., Fedde Repert. 55: 138 (1953). - Syn.: Talamancalia fosbergii (Cuarrec.) B. Norp., Comp. Newsl. 29: 49 (1996). Type: Ecuador, Loja, NE slope of Cerro Mataperro 3 km SW San Pedro, 10 km WNW of Catamayo, 1815 m, 10.11.1945, F. R. FosBeERG & M. A. GILER 22946 (US holotype!). 38 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2909 This species is related to L. putcalensis, differing by the larger and less dissected leaves, distinctly winged petioles and auriculate leaf-bases. It seems to be restricted to the Catamayo valley in the Loja district of southern Ecuador (cf. NORDENSTAM 1996). 8. Lomanthus icaensis (H.BELTRAN & GALAN DE MERA) B. Norp., comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio icaensis H.BELTRAN & GALAN DE Mera, Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 55(1): 168, fig. (1997). — Type: Peru, Dep. Arequipa, Prov. Caraveli, Los Cerrilos, al sur de Nazca, km 500 de la Panamericana Sur, 650-700 m, 26.VIII.1957, K. RAHN 104 (USM 29343 holotype). 9. Lomanthus lomincola (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio lomincola CABRERA, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 18(89): 195 (1955). — Type: Peru, Dep. Lima, Prov. Chancay, Lomas de Lachay, 700 m, X.1949, O. VELARDE NUNEZ 2247 (LP holotype!). Widespread in Dep. Lima, Ancash, and Arequipa (Vision & DILLON 1996) at lower altitudes (300—900 m). This species is related to L. abadianus but differs by shortly lobed and acutely dentate leaves. 10. Lomanthus mollendoensis (CABRERA) B. Norb., comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio mollendoensis CABRERA, Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 10: 35 (1962). — Type: Peru, Mollendo, R. S. WILLIAMS 2529 (K holotype). A species found in Peru (Dep. Arequipa; Vision & DILLON 1996) at low altitudes (350-450 m). 11. Lomanthus okopanus (CABRERA) B. Norb., comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio okopanus CABRERA, Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 10: 36, fig. 6 (1962). —Type: Peru, Dep. Arequipa, Prov. Caraveli, lomas de Chaparra, cerca de Chala, 400-500 m, 14.X.1956, R.A. FERREYRA 11975 (LP holotype!;F, USM isotypes). 12. Lomanthus putcalensis (HirRoN.) B. Norp., comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio putcalensis HiERoN., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 635 (1901). — Syn.: Talamancalia putcalensis (HiERON.) B. Norp. & Pruski, Comp. Newsl. 27: 35 (1995). — Type: Ecuador, Pucala near Loja, 1800-2400 m, Oct. (year not given), LEHMANN 8007 (K lectotype!, selected by NorDENSTAM & Pruski 1995); B holotype, destroyed, photograph US!; K isotype!). A rare species from the Loja and Chirinos districts in southern and northwestern Ecuador (NoRDENSTAM & PRrusk1 1995), more recently also found in Peru (BELTRAN Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 39 & Pruski 2000). 13. Lomanthus subcandidus (A. Gray) B. Norp., comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio subcandidus A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts v. 141 (1861). — Type:Peru, Obraillo, Wilkes Expedition, GH 12206 (GH fragment, isotype). Lomanthus subcandidus is found in Peru (Dep. Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Huanuco, and Lima; VISION & DILLON 1996) at various altitudes (180-3600 m).The taxonomic status and affinities of the varieties distinguished, viz. var. glabrescens Cuatrec.,var. minor A. Gray, and var. pinnatifidus Cuatrec., need further study. 14. Lomanthus tovari (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio tovari CABRERA, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 18(89): 198 (1955). — Type: Peru, Dep. Lima, arriba de Surco, 2000 m, 20.V.1949, R. FERREYRA 6056 (LP holotype!). Distributed in Peru (Dep. Lima, Ayacucho, and Arequipa) at (100—)1800—3300 m. 15. Lomanthus truxillensis (CABRERA) B. Norb., comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio truxillensis CABRERA, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 18(89): 199 (1955). — Type: Peru, Dep. La Libertad, Prov. Trujillo, Cerro Campana, 550 m, 14. VIII.1948, A. Lopez Miranpa 0175 (LP holotype!, HUT isotype!). A Peruvian species of mostly lower altitudes, 300—750(—2300) m, in the hills of Dep. Ancash, Cajamarca, and La Libertad (Vision & DILLON 1996). Its leaves are entire with sinuate-dentate margins. 16. Lomanthus velardei (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio velardei CABRERA, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 15(75): 109 (1950). — Type: Peru, Dep. Lima, Prov. Canta, Canta, 2500-2600 m, 23.V.1948, O. VELARDE 1024 (LP holotype! isotype!). This species has large dissected and abaxially tomentose leaves somewhat like L. arnaldii, but the leaves are assembled near the base of the hexagonal stem, and the leaves are more profoundly dissected, more or less bipinnatisect, and the capitula are smaller and the rays shorter. 17. Lomanthus yauyensis (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov. Basionym: Senecio yauyensis CABRERA, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 18(89): 205, fig. 4 (1955) (same as Not. Mus., Eva Peron, Bot., 18: 205.1955). — Type: Peru, Dep. Lima, Prov. Yauyos, Chiclla , cerro frente a Tupe, 3750 m, 10.1.1952, E. Cerrate & O. Tovar 1140 (LP holotype!, MO isotype). 40 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 Found in Central and South Peru (Dep. Arequipa, Lima, Cajamarca) at 3200— 3900 m. Acknowledgements We wish to thank Dr. LAureNT Gautier (G) for information on missing types of Senecio in Herb. G-DC, Lic. Laura IHARLEGUI (LP) for providing detailed information and images of Senecio type specimens in Herb. LP, and Dr. MICHAEL DILLON (F) for a loan of Lomanthus specimens from Herb. F. References BELTRAN, H. 2002. Senecio albaniae (Asteraceae: Senecioneae), a new species from Central Peru. Novon 12: 35-37. BELTRAN, H. & A. GALAN DE Mera 1996. Senecio |sect. Senecio] ser. Lomincola nova y notas coroldgicas y taxondmicas sobre Senecio sect. Senecio (Asteraceae) para los Andes centrals del Peru. Botanica Complutensis 21: 99-111. BetTRAN, H. & J.F. Pruskt 2000. Talamancalia y Rolandra (Asteraceae): dos nuevos registros para el Peru. Arnaldoa 7(1—2): 13-18. NorpenstaM, B. 1996. New combinations in Ecuadorian Senecioneae. Comp. Newsl. 29: 47-50. NorpenstaM, B. & J. F. Pruskt 1995. Additions to Dorobaea and Talamancalia (Compositae: Senecioneae). Comp. News!. 27: 31-42. NorpenstaM, B., KADEREIT, J. W., PELSER, P. B. & L. E. Watson 2009. Tribe Senecioneae. Jn: FUNK, V.A., SUSANNA, A., STUESSY, T. & R. BAYER (eds.), Systematics, Evolution, and Biogeography of the Compositae. [ATP, Vienna. /in press/ PeLser, P. B., NORDENSTAM, B., KADEREIT, J. W. & L. E. Watson 2007. An ITS phylogeny of the tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae) and a new delimitation of Senecio L. Taxon 56(4): 1077-1104. Vision, T. J. & M. O. Ditton 1996. Sinopsis de Senecio L. (Senecioneae, Asteraceae) para el Pert. Arnaldoa 4: 23-46. Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 4] New taxa and combinations in this issue Gynoxys tabaconasensis H. BELTRAN & S. BALDEON, sp. nov.: p. 14 Lomanthus B. Norv. & PELSER, gen. nov.: p. 34 Lomanthus abadianus (DC.) B. Norv. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 36 Lomanthus albaniae (H. BeLrrAn) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 36 Lomanthus arnaldii (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 37 Lomanthus bangti (Russy) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 37 Lomanthus calachaquensis (CABRERA) B. Norb., comb. nov.: p. 37 Lomanthus cerrateae (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 37 Lomanthus fosbergii (Cuatrec.) B. Norv. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 37 Lomanthus icaensis (H. BELTRAN & GALAN DE MerA) B. Norp., comb. nov.: p. 38 Lomanthus lomincola (CABRERA) B. Norv. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 38 Lomanthus mollendoensis (CABRERA) B. Norp., comb. nov.: p. 38 Lomanthus okopanus (CABRERA) B. Norp., comb. nov.: p. 38 Lomanthus putcalensis (HiERON.) B. Norp., comb. nov.: p. 38 Lomanthus subcandidus (A. Gray) B. Norpb., comb. nov.: p. 39 Lomanthus tovari (CABRERA) B. Noro. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 39 Lomanthus truxillensis (CABRERA) B. Norb., comb. nov.: p. 39 Lomanthus velardei (CABRERA) B. Norv. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 39 Lomanthus yauyensis (CABRERA) B. Norp. & PELSER, comb. nov.: p. 39 Oldenburgieae S. Ortiz, tribus nov.: p. 2 Platycarpheae V. A. Funk & H. Ros., tribus nov.: p. 25 Platycarphella V. A. Funk & H. Ros., gen. nov.: p. 26 Platycarphella carlinoides (Ouviv. & Hiern) V. A. Funk & H. Ros., comb. nov.: p. 27 Platycarphella parvifolia (S. Moore) V. A. FUNK & H. Ros., comb. novy.: p. 27 42 Comp. Newsl. 47, 2009 Senecio cadiscus B. Norv. & PELSER, nom. nov.: p. 29 Senecio lusitanicus (Cout.) R. PEREZ-ROMERO, comb. et stat. nov.: p. 19 | | *